The immunogenicity of an extended dosing interval of BNT162b2 against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant among healthy school-aged children a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the immunogenicity of an extended interval regimen of BNT162b2 among healthy school-age children. Methods: A randomized-control trial conducted among healthy Thai children aged 5-11 years. Participants received two doses of BNT162b2 with an 8-week (extended dosing) vs 3-week interval. Immunogenicity was determined by neutralization test (NT) against the Omicron variant surrogate virus NT (sVNT; BA.1 % inhibition) and pseudovirus NT (BA.2 the half-maximal inhibition dilution or ID50). The third dose was offered to participants who had sVNT <68% inhibition. The immunogenicity outcome was evaluated at 14 days after the second and third doses. Results: During February to April 2022 382 children with a median age (interquartile range) of 8.4 years (6.6-10.0) were enrolled. At 14 days after two doses of BNT162b2 the geometric means of sVNT in 8-week vs 3-week interval groups were 49.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] 44.8-54.9) vs 16.5 (95% CI 13.0-20.9) with a geometric means ratio of 3.0 (95% CI 2.4-3.8). Among 102 participants who received the third dose at a median of 15 weeks from the second dose the geometric means of sVNT increased to 73.3 (95% CI 69.0-77.8) and pseudovirus NT increased to 326 (95% CI 256-415). Conclusion: The extended 8-week interval regimen of BNT162b2 induced higher neutralizing antibodies than a standard 3-week interval regimen. The third dose induced high neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant. ? 2023 The Author(s)