Serum carbonic anhydrase combined with adiponectin as biomarkers of insulin resistance

Abstract

Insulin resistance is the main cause of type 2 diabetes. The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp is a gold standard method for determination of the insulin resistance. However, the test cannot directly measure the insulin resistance, and it is time consuming, costly, labor-intensive and requires an experienced operator. This study aims to develop the protein marker for insulin resistance. Two serum proteins, i.e. carbonic anhydrase and adiponectin were determined by using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 3 groups of volunteers' sera: healthy group (n = 35), insulin resistance group (n = 32) and diabetic group (n = 32). We explored the associations between these proteins and the insulin resistance. Adiponectin (cutoff <= 4.73 mu g/ml, area under the curve [AUC] = 0.644 [0.51, 0.777]) (p = 47 pg/ml, AUC = 0.65 [0.518, 0.783] ( p < 0.050) have the potential as the biomarkers for diabetes. When used together, adiponectin at cutoff level = 36 pg/ml have the potential as the biomarkers for insulin resistance (AUC = 0.664 [0.532, 0.796]) ( p < 0.05). These serum protein levels will be a useful tool to diagnose the insulin resistance in human and to guide the right direction of treatment and the behavior change accordingly. KEYWORDS: insulin resistance, diabetes, adiponectin, carbonic anhydrase,