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COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron
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Metadata
Document Title
COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron
Author
Suntronwong N, Yorsaeng R, Puenpa J, Auphimai C, Thongmee T, Vichaiwattana P, Kanokudom S, Duangchinda T, Chantima W, Pakchotanon P, Assawakosri S, Nilyanimit P, Klinfueng S, Wongsrisang L, Srimuan D, Thatsanatorn T, Sudhinaraset N, Wanlapakorn N, Poovorawan Y
Name from Authors Collection
Affiliations
Chulalongkorn University; National Science & Technology Development Agency - Thailand; National Center Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology (BIOTEC); Mahidol University; Mahidol University
Type
Article
Source Title
VACCINES
Year
2022
Volume
10
Issue
3
Page
-
Open Access
Green Published, Green Submitted, gold
Publisher
MDPI
DOI
10.3390/vaccines10030391
Format
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the waning of immunity in vaccinated individuals is resulting in increased numbers of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. This study investigated binding antibody responses and neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 variants, in patients with COVID-19 who had been fully vaccinated with CoronaVac (n = 77), individuals who had been fully vaccinated with CoronaVac but had not contracted COVID-19 (n = 170), and individuals who had received AZD1222 as a third vaccination (n = 210). Breakthrough infection was generally detected approximately 88 days after the second CoronaVac vaccination (interquartile range 68-100 days). Blood samples were collected at a median of 34 days after infection. Binding antibody levels in sera from patients with breakthrough infection were significantly higher than those in individuals who had received AZD1222 as a third vaccination. However, neutralizing activities against wild-type and variants, including alpha (B.1.1.7), beta (B.1.351), and delta (B.1.617.2), were comparable in patients with breakthrough infections and individuals who received a third vaccination with AZD1222, which exceeds 90%. Omicron (B.1.1.529) was neutralized less effectively by serum from breakthrough infection patients, with a 6.3-fold reduction compared to delta variants. The study suggests that breakthrough infection after two doses of an inactivated vaccine can induce neutralizing antibodies against omicron. Further investigation is needed to assess the long-term persistence of antibodies against the omicron variant.
Keyword
breakthrough | inactivated virus | infection | omicron | SARS-CoV-2
Industrial Classification
Knowledge Taxonomy Level 1
Knowledge Taxonomy Level 2
Funding Sponsor
Health Systems Research Institute (HSRI), National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT); Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Chulalongkorn University; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, BIOTEC Platform [P2051613]; Second Century Fund Fellowship of Chulalongkorn University
License
CC BY
Rights
Authors
Publication Source
WOS